What component is essential for lifting the elevator car in a traction elevator?

In a traction elevator, the essential component for lifting the elevator car is comprised of pulleys and ropes. This system operates on the principle of using a motor to turn a sheave (or pulley), which in turn moves the ropes. The ropes are connected to the elevator car and looped over the pulley, allowing the motor to raise or lower the car by adjusting the tension in the ropes.

This design significantly enhances efficiency by allowing for the use of counterweights that balance the weight of the elevator car, reducing the amount of energy required to lift the car. The interaction between the pulleys and ropes also provides smoother motion and better control compared to other elevator systems, such as hydraulic systems.